víza

A visa is an official authorization that allows a foreign national to enter, stay in, or leave a country for a defined period and purpose. Visas are usually issued by the destination country’s government and are typically recorded in a passport, although electronic visas exist that do not require a physical stamp. The rules governing visas are set by each country and may vary depending on the traveler’s nationality, purpose of visit, and length of stay.

Visas come in various types and durations. Common categories include tourist or short-stay visas, business or work visas, student visas, transit visas, and long-stay or residence visas. Visas may be issued for single entry or multiple entries, and their validity can range from a few weeks to several years, with specific conditions on what activities are allowed during the stay.

Application processes and requirements differ by country but typically include a valid passport, recent photographs, a completed application form, and documentation that supports the purpose and duration of travel. Additional items may be requested, such as proof of funds, travel itineraries, accommodation details, health insurance, and background or security checks. Many nations collect biometric data as part of the process, and processing times vary.

Policy variations are common. Some countries require visas for all travelers; others grant visa-free entry or issue visas on arrival to certain nationalities. Regional or bilateral agreements can ease travel for member states, while violations such as overstaying can lead to penalties, bans, or future visa ineligibility. Travelers should verify current visa requirements before planning international travel.