uriin

Uriin is the Estonian term for urine, the liquid waste product produced by the kidneys and excreted through the urinary tract. In medical contexts, uriin is often collected for analysis to assess kidney function, hydration status, and the presence of disease.

Urine is formed through filtration of blood by the kidneys, followed by selective reabsorption and secretion in the renal tubules. The resulting liquid contains water, urea and other nitrogenous waste, electrolytes, creatinine, uric acid, and various metabolites. It is produced continually and stored in the bladder until excretion.

Normal characteristics of uriin include a pale yellow to amber color, clear appearance, and a mild odor. Typical daily production in adults ranges from about 0.8 to 2.0 liters, depending on fluid intake and environmental conditions. Urine has a pH usually between 4.5 and 8.0 and a specific gravity roughly from 1.005 to 1.030, reflecting hydration and solute load.

Variations in uriin color, odor, or composition can result from hydration, diet, medications, or underlying health conditions. For example, darker urine may indicate concentration due to dehydration; red or brown urine can suggest blood or certain foods or medications; and very sweet or fruity odors may be seen in metabolic conditions. Abnormal findings may be detected through urinalysis, which can assess color, clarity, pH, specific gravity, and the presence of proteins, glucose, ketones, blood, or infectious agents.

Clinically, uriin analysis is used to screen for kidney disease, urinary tract infections, diabetes, and other conditions affecting the urinary system.