tíðnimótun

Tíðnimótun, also known as frequency modulation or FM, is a method of encoding information onto a carrier wave by varying its frequency. In FM, the amplitude of the carrier wave remains constant, while its instantaneous frequency is altered in proportion to the amplitude of the message signal. This means that the rate at which the carrier wave's frequency shifts corresponds to the frequency of the modulating signal, and the extent of the frequency shift corresponds to the amplitude of the modulating signal.

The process of frequency modulation involves a modulator, which is a device that combines the message signal and the carrier wave. The output of the modulator is an FM signal. At the receiving end, a demodulator is used to extract the original message signal from the FM signal. FM is widely used in radio broadcasting, particularly for high-fidelity audio transmission due to its resistance to noise and interference. Compared to amplitude modulation (AM), FM offers a better signal-to-noise ratio, resulting in clearer sound quality. It is also employed in various other applications, including wireless communication systems, radar, and telemetry. The bandwidth required for FM is generally wider than that for AM, which can be a limiting factor in some scenarios.