tsüklosporiin

Cyclosporine is a medication used to prevent organ transplant rejection and to treat various autoimmune diseases. It belongs to a class of drugs known as immunosuppressants, which work by suppressing the body's immune system. This suppression is crucial in transplant recipients to prevent their immune system from attacking and rejecting the new organ. In autoimmune diseases, cyclosporine helps to reduce the immune system's activity when it mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

The primary mechanism of action for cyclosporine involves inhibiting a specific enzyme called calcineurin. Calcineurin plays a key role in activating T-cells, a type of white blood cell that is central to the immune response. By blocking calcineurin, cyclosporine prevents T-cells from becoming activated and releasing the signaling molecules that trigger inflammation and tissue damage. This ultimately leads to a dampening of the overall immune response.

Cyclosporine is typically administered orally in the form of capsules or as a liquid solution, and can also be given intravenously. Its use requires careful monitoring by healthcare professionals due to potential side effects, which can include kidney problems, high blood pressure, increased risk of infection, and tremors. The dosage and duration of treatment are individualized based on the patient's condition, response to the medication, and other factors. Cyclosporine is a vital medication for many individuals, significantly improving outcomes for transplant patients and managing debilitating autoimmune conditions.