trapézok

A trapezoid, also known as a trapezium in some regions, is a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides. These parallel sides are called the bases of the trapezoid, while the other two sides are called legs. The angles between a base and the legs are supplementary, meaning they add up to 180 degrees.

There are several special types of trapezoids. An isosceles trapezoid has legs of equal length, which also results in base angles being equal. A right trapezoid has at least one leg that is perpendicular to both bases, meaning it forms right angles with them. In this case, the perpendicular leg is also the height of the trapezoid.

The area of a trapezoid can be calculated using the formula: Area = (1/2) * (sum of bases) * height. The height is the perpendicular distance between the two bases. The median of a trapezoid, also known as the midline, is a line segment connecting the midpoints of the legs. Its length is equal to half the sum of the lengths of the bases, and it is also perpendicular to the height.

Trapezoids are a fundamental shape in geometry and appear in various applications, including architecture and engineering. They are a classification within quadrilaterals, distinct from parallelograms which have two pairs of parallel sides.