toluène

Toluene, also known as methylbenzene, is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C7H8. It is a colorless liquid that is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents. Toluene is a flammable liquid with a distinctive sweet odor. It occurs naturally in petroleum and in the sap of some trees.

Industrially, toluene is produced from petroleum, primarily through the catalytic reforming of naphtha. It is also obtained as a byproduct from the production of coke from coal. Toluene is a significant industrial solvent and is used in the production of many common products.

The primary use of toluene is as a solvent. It is used in paints, lacquers, thinners, and adhesives. Toluene is also a precursor to many other chemicals. It is used in the manufacturing of benzene, which is a key component in the production of plastics, synthetic fibers, and detergents. Toluene is also used in the production of toluene diisocyanate (TDI), a chemical used to make polyurethane foams for furniture, bedding, and insulation. Furthermore, toluene is an important component in gasoline, where it increases the octane rating and helps the fuel burn more completely.

Toluene is a volatile organic compound and can be released into the environment during its production, transport, and use. Exposure to toluene can occur through inhalation or skin contact. High levels of exposure can cause dizziness, headaches, nausea, and confusion. Chronic exposure has been linked to neurological problems and reproductive issues. In the workplace, strict safety measures are in place to minimize exposure.