szénvisszatartás

Szénvisszatartás is the Hungarian term for carbon sequestration, the process by which carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is absorbed and stored in geological formations, oceans, or living biomass. This natural or artificial process plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

There are several methods of carbon sequestration. Natural methods include photosynthesis by plants and absorption by oceans. Plants, through photosynthesis, convert atmospheric CO2 into organic matter, storing carbon in their tissues and soils. Oceans absorb vast amounts of CO2, primarily through dissolution and biological processes involving marine organisms. Artificial carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies aim to capture CO2 emissions from industrial sources, such as power plants, and transport it for injection and long-term storage in underground geological formations like depleted oil and gas reservoirs or saline aquifers.

The effectiveness and permanence of carbon sequestration methods are subjects of ongoing research and debate. While natural processes are fundamental to the Earth's carbon cycle, their capacity to absorb current anthropogenic emissions is limited. CCS technologies offer a potential solution for industrial emissions but face challenges related to cost, energy requirements, and ensuring the long-term integrity of storage sites. Understanding and enhancing carbon sequestration mechanisms are vital components of global efforts to address climate change.