szénkörforgatásban

Szénkörforgatás, also known as the carbon cycle, refers to the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. This process involves the conversion of carbon dioxide between its gaseous, liquid, and solid states as it is utilized and stored by living organisms and the Earth's ecosystem.

In the atmospheric part of the cycle, carbon dioxide is removed from the air by the oceans, which serve as a massive carbon sink. This process, known as ocean acidification, occurs when CO2 dissolves in the water, forming carbonic acid and lowering the pH level. Additionally, carbon is transferred to and from the biosphere through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, allowing plants to absorb CO2 and release oxygen into the atmosphere.

The Earth's geological stores, such as rocks and minerals, also play a significant role in the carbon cycle. Weathering and erosion break down these materials, releasing carbon in the form of dissolved ions. The hydrological cycle, which includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, transports carbon between the oceans, atmosphere, and land. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas stored carbon over thousands of years, which is now being released through human activities like burning, further contributing to the increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

Through these interconnected processes, carbon is continuously being cycled throughout the Earth's system. Understanding and monitoring the carbon cycle is essential for predicting and mitigating the effects of climate change, which is closely linked to the abundance of atmospheric CO2.