szinoviális

Szinoviális refers to a type of tissue or membrane found in certain joints of the body. Specifically, it describes the synoviális membrane, which is a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of most synovial joints. These joints, such as the knee, hip, and shoulder, are characterized by their mobility and the presence of a joint cavity. The synoviális membrane secretes synovial fluid, a viscous, lubricating substance that reduces friction between the articular cartilages of the bones. This fluid also provides nutrients to the cartilage and removes waste products.

The synoviális membrane is composed of specialized cells called synoviocytes, which are responsible for producing and secreting the synovial fluid. The fluid itself contains hyaluronic acid, proteins, and other components that contribute to its lubricating and shock-absorbing properties. Conditions affecting the synoviális membrane can lead to joint pain, inflammation, and stiffness. Examples include synovitis, which is inflammation of the membrane, and rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease that targets the synoviális membrane. The health of the synoviális membrane is crucial for maintaining smooth and painless joint movement.