subglottis

The subglottis is a region of the larynx, the voice box, located below the glottis. It is a part of the respiratory system and plays a crucial role in the production of sound. The subglottis is composed of the vocal folds and the area below them, including the vestibular folds and the false vocal folds. These structures work together to facilitate the passage of air during breathing and to produce sound during speech and singing.

The subglottis is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which supplies sensory and motor fibers to the vocal folds and the surrounding structures. The recurrent laryngeal nerve is vulnerable to injury during surgical procedures, such as thyroid surgery, and can lead to hoarseness or other vocal cord issues if damaged.

The subglottis is also involved in the production of certain vocal sounds, such as the "h" sound, which is produced by air passing over the vestibular folds. Additionally, the subglottis can be affected by various conditions, such as vocal cord nodules, polyps, or cancer, which can impair the ability to produce sound or cause breathing difficulties.

In summary, the subglottis is a vital component of the larynx that plays a significant role in both respiration and phonation. Its structures and innervation are essential for normal vocal function, and any abnormalities in this region can have significant impacts on a person's ability to communicate and breathe.