subclavianartären

The subclavian arteries are two major arteries that supply blood to the upper extremities, head, and neck. The left subclavian artery originates directly from the aortic arch, while the right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk, which itself is a branch of the aortic arch.

Each subclavian artery travels superiorly and laterally, passing deep to the clavicle (collarbone), which gives it its name. As it crosses the outer border of the first rib, it transitions into the axillary artery. Along its course, the subclavian artery gives rise to several important branches.

The vertebral artery branches off and ascends through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae to supply the brain. The thyrocervical trunk branches into the inferior thyroid artery, supplying the thyroid gland, the suprascapular artery, supplying muscles of the shoulder girdle, and the transverse cervical artery, supplying muscles of the neck and upper back. The costocervical trunk is another branch, typically originating from the posterior aspect of the subclavian artery, which gives rise to the deep cervical artery and the superior intercostal artery.

These arteries are crucial for oxygenating the brain, the arms, and various structures in the neck and upper torso, playing a vital role in overall cardiovascular function.