somakloonivaihtelu

Somakloonivaihtelu, also known as organ transplantation, is a medical procedure in which a damaged organ is replaced with a healthy one from another person. This process is crucial for patients with end-stage organ failure, such as kidney, liver, heart, lung, or pancreas disease. The organ donor can be a living relative or a deceased individual, with the latter being the most common source due to the scarcity of suitable living donors.

The procedure involves several steps. First, the recipient's organ is removed, and the donor organ is transplanted into the recipient. The donor organ is carefully matched to the recipient to minimize the risk of rejection, which occurs when the recipient's immune system attacks the transplanted organ. This matching process involves blood type compatibility and tissue typing, which involves matching specific antigens on the organ's surface.

Post-transplantation, the recipient requires lifelong immunosuppressant medication to prevent organ rejection. This medication can have side effects, including increased risk of infections and cancer. Additionally, the recipient may need to take other medications to manage any complications that arise from the transplantation.

Organ transplantation has significantly improved the quality of life for many patients with end-stage organ failure. However, the need for organs often outstrips the supply, leading to long waiting lists and the need for organ donation. Advances in medical technology and research continue to improve the success rates and outcomes of organ transplantation.