simbioza
Simbioza, or symbiosis, is a close and long-term interaction between organisms of different species that live in direct contact. The term was introduced by the German botanist Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1879 and derives from Greek syn ("together") and biosis ("living"). Symbiotic relationships can be mutualistic, commensal, or parasitic, and they may be obligatory (required for survival) or facultative (optional).
Mutualism is a cooperative association in which all partners benefit. Classic examples include lichens (a fungus
Commensalism describes interactions where one species benefits while the other is largely unaffected. Parasitism is when
Simbioza is central to ecology and evolution. It drives nutrient cycling—such as nitrogen fixation by rhizobia