sesquiterpenoidien

Sesquiterpenoids are a class of naturally occurring organic compounds derived from three isoprene units, totaling fifteen carbon atoms. They are a subclass of terpenoids, which are themselves derived from isoprene. The basic structural framework of sesquiterpenoids is built from a C15 skeleton. This structural diversity leads to a wide array of chemical structures and properties. Many sesquiterpenoids are found in essential oils of plants and are responsible for their characteristic aromas. They play various roles in nature, including acting as defense compounds against herbivores and pathogens, or as signaling molecules. Examples of well-known sesquiterpenoids include farnesene, caryophyllene, and humulene. These compounds have garnered significant interest in fields such as perfumery, flavorings, and pharmaceuticals due to their diverse biological activities, which can include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties. Their biosynthesis in plants typically involves the cyclization of acyclic precursors like farnesyl pyrophosphate.