sakkhoz

Sakkhoz, also spelled sovkhoz, was a type of state-owned farm in the Soviet Union. The term translates to "state farm." Unlike kolkhozes (collective farms), sakkhozes were directly managed by the state and their workers were considered employees who received wages. Land and agricultural machinery were typically owned by the state, and produce was sold to the state at fixed prices.

The sakkhoz system was established and expanded throughout the Soviet period, often comprising large, industrialized agricultural enterprises. They were intended to be more efficient and productive than collective farms, serving as models for agricultural development and ensuring consistent food supply for the nation. Sakkhozes played a significant role in the collectivization of agriculture and the broader Soviet economic model. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, many sakkhozes were privatized or reorganized into different forms of agricultural businesses.