säteilyaltistuksesta

Säteilyaltistus refers to the exposure of living organisms to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha and beta particles, has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules, which can damage cells and DNA. Non-ionizing radiation, like radio waves, microwaves, and visible light, does not have enough energy to ionize atoms but can still cause biological effects, such as heating of tissues.

Sources of radiation exposure are varied. Natural sources include cosmic rays from space and terrestrial radiation from radioactive elements in the Earth's crust. Human-made sources encompass medical procedures like X-rays and CT scans, nuclear power plants, and consumer products emitting radiofrequency radiation, such as mobile phones.

The effects of radiation exposure depend on several factors, including the type of radiation, the dose received, the duration of exposure, and the individual's sensitivity. High doses of ionizing radiation can lead to acute radiation sickness, characterized by nausea, vomiting, and hair loss, and can increase the risk of developing cancer later in life. The long-term effects of low-dose chronic exposure are a subject of ongoing research.

Regulations and safety guidelines are in place to limit radiation exposure from various sources. These measures aim to protect workers in radiation-related industries and the general public from unnecessary risks. Understanding the sources and potential effects of radiation is crucial for making informed decisions about health and safety.