ruoansulatuskanavalla

Ruoansulatuskanava, also known as the digestive tract or alimentary canal, is a complex system responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients in the body. It begins at the mouth and extends through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and finally ends at the anus. Throughout this journey, food is mechanically and chemically processed.

The process starts in the mouth with mastication and saliva, which begin carbohydrate digestion. The bolus then travels down the esophagus via peristalsis, muscular contractions that move food along. In the stomach, strong acids and enzymes further break down food, forming chyme.

The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption. Here, the chyme mixes with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. Enzymes continue to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The large intestine's main role is to absorb water and electrolytes, forming waste material.

Finally, waste products are stored in the rectum and eliminated from the body through the anus. The entire digestive process is regulated by a combination of nerves and hormones, ensuring efficient digestion and nutrient utilization.