ruoansulatusjärjestelmänsä

The ruoansulatusjärjestelmänsä, or digestive system, is a complex series of organs responsible for breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair. This process begins in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down by chewing and chemically digested by enzymes in saliva. From the mouth, food travels down the esophagus to the stomach.

In the stomach, strong muscular contractions further mix the food with digestive juices, including hydrochloric acid and enzymes, to create a semi-liquid mixture called chyme. This chyme then moves into the small intestine. The small intestine is where the majority of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs. Here, enzymes from the pancreas and the intestinal wall, along with bile from the liver, further break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The resulting nutrients are then absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream.

The remaining undigested material passes into the large intestine. The primary role of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter and to form feces. Bacteria in the large intestine also play a role in breaking down some of the remaining material and producing certain vitamins. Finally, feces are stored in the rectum before being eliminated from the body through the anus. The entire process, from ingestion to elimination, is a coordinated effort involving various organs and chemical processes.