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Respirators are protective devices designed to filter airborne particles and contaminants from the air before they are inhaled. These devices are commonly used in healthcare settings, industrial environments, and during emergency situations where air quality is compromised.

The primary function of respirators is to create a physical barrier between the user and harmful airborne substances. They typically consist of a facepiece that covers the nose and mouth, along with filtration systems that remove particles, gases, or vapors from the incoming air. Different types of respirators offer varying levels of protection depending on their design and intended use.

N95 respirators are among the most widely recognized types, filtering at least 95% of airborne particles that are 0.3 microns in diameter or larger. These are commonly used by healthcare workers during medical procedures and by individuals in environments with poor air quality. Other common types include KN95, FFP2, and FFP3 respirators, each meeting different international safety standards.

Proper fit and seal are crucial for respirator effectiveness. Users must ensure the device fits snugly against their face without gaps that could allow contaminated air to enter. Most respirators are disposable and should be replaced according to manufacturer guidelines or when they become damaged or soiled.

Respirators differ from surgical masks in their tighter fit and superior filtration capabilities. While surgical masks primarily protect others from the wearer's respiratory droplets, respirators protect the wearer from inhaling harmful particles.

Industries that commonly use respirators include construction, mining, manufacturing, and healthcare. During public health emergencies such as pandemics or natural disasters, respirators become essential equipment for both professionals and the general public to maintain respiratory health and safety.