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Rationalism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the use of reason and logic to acquire knowledge and make decisions. It posits that the primary source of knowledge is the mind itself, rather than sensory experience or authority. Rationalists believe that the mind can discern truth through its own processes, independent of external sources.

The origins of rationalism can be traced back to ancient Greek philosophy, with figures like Plato and Aristotle contributing to its development. However, the term "rationalism" as we understand it today was popularized by René Descartes in the 17th century. Descartes' famous phrase "Cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am) encapsulates the rationalist belief in the primacy of the mind.

Rationalism has had a significant impact on various fields, including mathematics, science, and philosophy. It has influenced the development of logical systems, the scientific method, and the philosophy of mind. However, it has also faced criticism, particularly from empiricists who argue that sensory experience is the primary source of knowledge.

Despite these criticisms, rationalism continues to be a influential philosophical approach. It remains relevant in contemporary debates about the nature of knowledge, the role of reason in decision-making, and the limits of human understanding.