põllundust

Põllundus is the Estonian word for agriculture or farming. It encompasses the practice of cultivating land, raising crops, and rearing livestock for human consumption, as well as for raw materials and other products. This broad field is essential for food security, economic development, and rural livelihoods.

In Estonia, põllundus has a long history, evolving from traditional subsistence farming to a more modern, mechanized sector. Key agricultural products in Estonia include grains such as wheat, barley, and rye, as well as oilseeds like rapeseed. Dairy farming is also a significant component, with a focus on milk production. The cultivation of potatoes and various vegetables is common in smaller-scale operations and for domestic consumption.

The sector faces various challenges, including climate change, market fluctuations, and environmental concerns. However, efforts are ongoing to promote sustainable farming practices, improve efficiency, and enhance the competitiveness of Estonian agriculture in both domestic and international markets. Support from the European Union, through its Common Agricultural Policy, plays a crucial role in the development and modernization of Estonian põllundus. The sector also includes forestry and fishing, which are important natural resource-based industries in Estonia.