põhjapoolkeraks

Põhjapoolkera, also known as the Northern Hemisphere, is the half of Earth that lies north of the Equator. It is distinguished from the Southern Hemisphere by its geographical location and associated climatic and seasonal patterns. The Equator, an imaginary line, divides the planet into these two hemispheres.

The Northern Hemisphere contains a larger portion of the Earth's landmass, including the continents of North America, Europe, and most of Asia. This concentration of land influences weather patterns and population distribution. Because of the significant landmass, the Northern Hemisphere experiences more extreme temperature variations between seasons compared to the Southern Hemisphere, which has a greater proportion of ocean.

Seasons in the Northern Hemisphere are reversed compared to the Southern Hemisphere. Summer occurs during June, July, and August, while winter takes place in December, January, and February. Spring falls in March, April, and May, and autumn in September, October, and November. This seasonal cycle is due to the Earth's axial tilt relative to its orbital plane around the Sun.

The Arctic Circle, located at approximately 66.5 degrees north latitude, marks the southernmost latitude in the Northern Hemisphere at which the sun can remain continuously above the horizon for 24 hours (during the summer solstice) and continuously below the horizon for 24 hours (during the winter solstice). This phenomenon is known as polar day and polar night. The majority of the world's population resides in the Northern Hemisphere.