preservativi

Preservativi, or condoms, are barrier contraceptives worn on the penis during sexual activity to prevent pregnancy and reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They act as a physical barrier that confines semen and other fluids, helping to prevent contact between partners.

Most condoms are made of latex; alternatives include polyurethane and polyisoprene for people with latex allergy. Lambskin (natural membrane) condoms can prevent pregnancy but do not reliably protect against STIs, as their pores may allow pathogens to pass.

Condoms vary in size, shape, texture and lubrication. They may be straight-walled or anatomically contoured, and many are pre-lubricated with water- or silicone-based lubricants. Some are designed to increase sensation or to fit different sizes.

Usage and safety: check the expiration date and package integrity before use. Open carefully to avoid tearing. Pinch the tip to leave space for semen, roll the condom over an erect penis, and unroll to the base. After ejaculation, withdraw with the condom still on and hold the base before removing. Do not reuse.

Lubrication and compatibility: latex condoms work best with water- or silicone-based lubricants; oil-based products can weaken latex. Polyurethane condoms are compatible with all lubricants, but check product instructions.

Effectiveness and health considerations: correctly used condoms are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy with perfect use, and around 85% with typical use. They also substantially reduce the risk of many STIs, including HIV, but they do not offer complete protection; combining with other safer-sex practices increases protection.

History and accessibility: modern latex condoms became common in the 20th century; alternative materials expanded access for those with allergies. They are widely available in pharmacies, supermarkets and online and vary in price.