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Pontillism is a style of painting developed in the early 20th century, characterized by the use of small, distinct dots of pure color applied in patterns to form an image. The term "pontillism" is derived from the French word "point," meaning point or dot. This technique was pioneered by Georges Seurat and Paul Signac, who were part of the Neo-Impressionist movement. Pontillism emerged as a reaction against the Impressionist style, which used visible brush strokes and mixed colors.

The primary goal of Pontillism is to create the illusion of color through the precise arrangement of small dots. By using pure colors and avoiding color mixing on the palette, artists like Seurat and Signac aimed to achieve a more accurate representation of light and color. This approach was a significant departure from the Impressionist technique, which relied on the blending of colors and the use of visible brush strokes to convey light and form.

One of the most famous works of Pontillism is Georges Seurat's "A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte" (1884-1886). This painting is a prime example of the Pontillist technique, with its use of small, distinct dots of color to create the illusion of a scene. The painting is notable for its vibrant colors and the way it challenges traditional notions of representation.

Pontillism had a limited impact on the art world, as it was not widely adopted by other artists. However, it remains an important movement in the history of modern art, influencing later developments in abstraction and the use of color. The technique of Pontillism continues to be studied and appreciated by art historians and enthusiasts alike.