pleuralrýmum

Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, the potential space between the lungs and the chest wall. This condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, heart failure, cancer, and certain medications. The fluid can be serous, containing mostly water and proteins, or exudative, containing a higher concentration of proteins and cells.

Pleural effusion is typically diagnosed through imaging tests such as chest X-rays or CT scans, which can reveal the presence of fluid in the pleural space. Other diagnostic methods include thoracentesis, a procedure where a small amount of fluid is removed for analysis. The fluid can be analyzed for the presence of infection, cancer cells, or other abnormalities.

Treatment for pleural effusion depends on the underlying cause. In cases of infection, antibiotics may be prescribed. For heart failure, diuretics may be used to reduce fluid buildup. In cases of cancer, chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be necessary. In some cases, a procedure called pleurodesis may be performed to prevent future effusions by causing the pleural surfaces to adhere to each other.

Pleural effusion can be a serious condition, as it can lead to shortness of breath, chest pain, and reduced lung function. If left untreated, it can lead to complications such as pneumonia or lung collapse. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms of pleural effusion are present.