plasmodesmatische

Plasmodesmatische is an adjective used primarily in German-language biology to describe features or processes related to plasmodesmata, the microscopic channels that traverse plant cell walls to connect adjacent cells. In English, the corresponding adjective is typically plasmodesmatal. The term encompasses structural, transport, and regulatory aspects of these intercellular connections.

Plasmodesmata consist of narrow channels lined by the plasma membrane, containing a desmotubule derived from the endoplasmic reticulum and a surrounding cytoplasmic sleeve. They enable symplastic transport, allowing water, ions, metabolites, RNAs, and certain proteins to move between plant cells. The permeability of a plasmodesma is not fixed; it is modulated by cellular conditions and developmental cues, and is often described by its size exclusion limit.

Regulation of plasmodesmatische transport hinges on dynamic control of the pore aperture at the neck region. Callose deposition by callose synthases narrows the channel and reduces conductance, whereas callose degradation by β-1,3-glucanases widens it. Several plasmodesmata-associated proteins (PDLPs) and viral movement proteins influence gating, signaling a close link between development, defense, and intercellular communication.

Formation and distribution vary: primary plasmodesmata form during cytokinesis, while secondary plasmodesmata arise afterward through remodeling of the cell wall and membrane. Functionally, plasmodesmatische processes underpin coordinated growth, patterning, and defense responses in plants, and are a central topic in studies of plant physiology and plant–pathogen interactions.