plasmocite

A plasmocyte, also known as a plasma cell, is a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune system. These cells are specialized B lymphocytes that have differentiated to produce and secrete large quantities of specific antibodies. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that are essential for identifying and neutralizing foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

Plasmocytes originate from B cells, which are activated when they encounter an antigen, a substance that triggers an immune response. Upon activation, B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasmocytes. The primary function of plasmocytes is antibody production. They have an extensive endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, cellular structures specialized for protein synthesis and secretion, reflecting their high antibody-secreting capacity.

These antibodies are released into the bloodstream and other bodily fluids, where they bind to their specific antigens. This binding can neutralize the pathogen directly or mark it for destruction by other components of the immune system, such as phagocytic cells. Plasmocytes are terminally differentiated, meaning they typically do not divide further and have a limited lifespan, but their antibody-producing activity is vital for long-term immunity and fighting off infections. Some plasmocytes can persist for extended periods, providing a continuous low level of antibody production, contributing to immunological memory.