pevném

Pevným is the instrumental singular form of the Czech adjective pevný, which carries the meanings firm, solid, stable, or constant. It is used to describe a noun in the instrumental case or to express the manner in which an action is performed.

In practical use, pevným appears in phrases such as:

- chodil pevným krokem (he walked with a firm step)

- s pevným základem (with a solid foundation)

- pevnou vírou (with strong faith), where pevnou is the feminine instrumental form

Morphology and forms:

- masculine/neuter singular instrumental: pevným

- feminine singular instrumental: pevnou

- plural instrumental: pevnými

These forms follow the standard Czech pattern of adjective declension, adapting to the gender and number of the noun they modify.

Etymology:

Pevný derives from the Proto-Slavic root *pevъ, meaning firm or solid. It has cognates across Slavic languages, and in many languages it yields words related to firmness, certainty, or solidity, such as Czech pevný, Polish pewny (certain), and related terms in other Slavic tongues.

Usage notes:

Pevný is common in both concrete and abstract contexts. It can describe physical properties, constructions, or materials (pevným materiálem – with solid material) as well as abstract states like resolve or belief (pevnou vírou). The instrumental form pevným is the standard way to express “with a firm [something]” or “in a firm manner.”