patriarcas

Patriarcas is a term derived from the Greek words "pater" meaning father and "archein" meaning to rule. It refers to a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is the head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. In such a system, men typically hold primary power and authority, including control over property and decision-making within the family and often in broader society.

Historically, many societies have been structured along patriarchal lines. This has manifested in various ways, including inheritance laws, political structures, religious leadership, and social norms that often favor men and assign distinct roles based on gender. The concept of patriarchy is central to discussions in sociology, anthropology, and feminist theory, where it is analyzed as a social construct that shapes power dynamics and gender relations.

While the term historically described family structures, its application has expanded to encompass broader societal power imbalances. Modern discussions often examine how patriarchal structures, even in societies that have moved towards greater gender equality, can perpetuate gender inequality through ingrained cultural norms, institutional biases, and unconscious assumptions. The critique of patriarchy often advocates for more equitable distribution of power and opportunities regardless of gender.