parathormona

Parathormone, also known as parathyroid hormone (PTH), is a hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, which are small glands located in the neck, usually behind the thyroid gland. Its primary role is to regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. PTH is secreted when blood calcium levels are low.

When released, parathormone acts on several target organs to increase blood calcium. It stimulates the bones to release calcium into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, it promotes the reabsorption of calcium, preventing its loss in urine, and also influences the activation of vitamin D. Activated vitamin D, in turn, enhances calcium absorption from the intestines. Conversely, when blood calcium levels rise, parathormone secretion is suppressed.

The balance of calcium in the body is crucial for many physiological processes, including nerve function, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. Parathormone plays a central role in maintaining this delicate balance. Abnormalities in parathormone production or function can lead to various medical conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism (excessive PTH) or hypoparathyroidism (insufficient PTH), both of which can cause significant health problems due to dysregulation of calcium metabolism.