otoluene

Ortho-xylene, commonly known as o-xylene, is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C8H10. It is one of three isomers of xylene, the other two being meta-xylene and para-xylene. In o-xylene, the two methyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor and is flammable.

o-Xylene is primarily produced from petroleum refining processes, specifically through catalytic reforming of naphtha. It is also a component of coal tar. Its main industrial application is as a precursor in the production of phthalic anhydride, which is a crucial intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers, polyester resins, and dyes. It can also be used as a solvent in paints, lacquers, and inks, though its use in this capacity has decreased due to health and environmental concerns.

The physical properties of o-xylene include a boiling point of approximately 144 degrees Celsius and a melting point of around -25 degrees Celsius. It is practically insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents. In terms of safety, o-xylene is considered moderately toxic. Inhalation of vapors can cause irritation to the respiratory tract, headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Prolonged or repeated skin contact can lead to dermatitis. It is also an environmental pollutant.