orthochloronitrobenzene

orthochloronitrobenzene, also known as 2-chloronitrobenzene or OCNB, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H4ClNO2. It is a pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. The compound is characterized by a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom and one nitro group at adjacent positions (ortho positions).

orthochloronitrobenzene is typically produced through the nitration of chlorobenzene. It serves as an important intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and rubber additives. For example, it can be reduced to ortho-chloroaniline, which is a precursor to many dyes and agrochemicals. It can also undergo nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

The compound is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and benzene. Its flammability requires careful handling and storage. In terms of health effects, orthochloronitrobenzene is considered toxic and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Prolonged exposure may lead to more serious health issues, including methemoglobinemia. Therefore, appropriate safety precautions, such as wearing protective equipment and ensuring adequate ventilation, are necessary when working with this substance.