opublikowana

Opublikowana is a Polish past passive participle used as an adjective meaning "published." It denotes that a work or item has been released to the public. It is the feminine singular form; masculine singular is opublikowany, neuter singular is opublikowane, and the plural forms include opublikowani (masculine personal) and opublikowane (non‑personal or feminine plural). The form must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies.

Usage of opublikowana occurs in contexts such as literature, journalism, and academia to indicate that a document, article, book, or other material has appeared publicly. It appears in bibliographic entries, news reports, and scholarly writing. Common collocations include opublikowana praca (a published work), opublikowany artykuł (a published article), opublikowana książka (a published book), and opublikowana wiadomość (a published message).

Forming and tense: opublikowana comes from the verb opublikować (to publish). The verb is aspectual and denotes a completed action. If the publishing event is in the future, one would use forms like zostanie opublikowana (will be published). If describing a currently ongoing publication process, other verb forms such as publikowana may be used.

Etymology and related terms: opublikowana derives from opublikować, which in turn comes from publikacja (publication) and the Latin root publicus via the Polish evolution of publikować. Related terms include publikować (to publish), publikacja (publication), and publikacja naukowa (scientific publication).

See also: opublikować, publikacja, publikować, publikacja naukowa.