närvisõlmedes

Närvisõlmedes, known more formally as ganglia (singular: ganglion), are clusters of nerve cell bodies located outside of the central nervous system. These structures play a crucial role in the peripheral nervous system, acting as relay stations for nerve impulses. Within a ganglion, the cell bodies of neurons are supported by glial cells, similar to those found in the brain.

There are two main types of ganglia: sensory ganglia and autonomic ganglia. Sensory ganglia, such as the dorsal root ganglia, contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons. These neurons transmit information from the body's sensory receptors (like those in the skin, muscles, and organs) to the central nervous system. Autonomic ganglia are part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. These ganglia contain the cell bodies of postganglionic neurons that innervate target organs.

The organization of neurons within a ganglion allows for efficient processing and transmission of signals. They can integrate information from multiple sensory inputs or distribute motor commands to various effector organs. Understanding the structure and function of närvisõlmedes is essential for comprehending how the nervous system communicates and regulates bodily activities. Their strategic placement allows for rapid and coordinated responses to internal and external stimuli.