nullmalli
Nullmalli, or null model, is a reference model used to assess whether patterns observed in data differ from what would be expected under a defined random process or baseline conditions. It formalizes a hypothetical data-generating mechanism that preserves certain properties while randomizing others, allowing researchers to test specific hypotheses about structure or association.
A null model is typically constructed by generating many simulated datasets under a prescribed set of constraints.
Applications span several fields. In ecology, null models test whether species co-occurrence patterns are more or
Interpretation relies on comparing the observed statistic to the null distribution to obtain a p-value or confidence