nevrohormonelle

Neurohormones are signaling molecules produced by specialized nerve cells, known as neurosecretory cells, that are released into the bloodstream rather than acting as neurotransmitters across synapses. These cells are typically found in the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland in vertebrates. Once released, neurohormones travel through the circulatory system to target cells, which can be located in distant organs and tissues. This dual nature allows neurons to influence distant physiological processes. Examples of neurohormones include antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, which regulates water balance, and oxytocin, involved in social bonding and reproduction. The hypothalamus produces a variety of releasing and inhibiting hormones that act on the anterior pituitary gland, thereby controlling the release of other hormones throughout the endocrine system. This intricate neuroendocrine system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating a wide range of bodily functions, including metabolism, growth, stress response, and reproductive cycles.