natriumdihydrogenfosfat

Natriumdihydrogenphosphat, also known as sodium dihydrogen phosphate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaH2PO4. It is the sodium salt of dihydrogen phosphate and appears as a white, crystalline solid that readily dissolves in water. It forms hydrates, most commonly the monohydrate NaH2PO4·H2O, and is available in anhydrous and hydrated forms depending on processing conditions. In aqueous solution it acts as a mild acid and a buffering agent, useful for maintaining mildly acidic to neutral pH in foods, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory buffers.

Production and occurrence: It is produced industrially by neutralizing phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, and can be isolated as anhydrous salt or hydrates. It is not typically found as a natural mineral but can be generated in processing phosphoric acid streams.

Applications: In the food industry it serves as an acidity regulator and buffering agent, and as a sequestrant for metal ions in some formulations. In pharmaceuticals and cosmetics it is used as an excipient to control pH. In analytical chemistry it is employed in buffer solutions and chromatography preparations.

Safety: Like other phosphate salts, sodium dihydrogen phosphate can irritate skin and eyes, and inhalation of dust should be avoided. Large oral doses may disrupt electrolyte balance and kidney function. It should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.