naatriumioon

Natriumioon (Na+) is the positively charged ion formed when a sodium atom loses one electron. As a monovalent cation, it carries a single positive charge and commonly occurs in aqueous solutions as Na+. In solid compounds, it forms salts with various anions, such as NaCl, Na2SO4, and Na3PO4. In water, Na+ is highly hydrated and forms strong interactions with surrounding water molecules.

In nature and industry, Na+ is a major constituent of seawater and many minerals. In seawater its concentration is about 0.5 moles per liter. The mineral halite, or rock salt, consists of NaCl and is a common source of sodium. Sodium also occurs in various other minerals and salts used in industrial processes.

Biology: Na+ is the principal extracellular cation in many animals and is essential for nerve impulse transmission, muscle function, and regulation of blood volume and pressure. The kidneys regulate Na+ balance, adjusting sodium reabsorption in response to hormonal signals such as aldosterone, which helps control osmotic balance and fluid distribution.

Applications: Sodium compounds derived from Na+ are widespread in industry and daily life. Sodium chloride is a key dietary source of sodium, while sodium hydroxide serves as a major chemical reagent. In energy storage research, sodium ions are explored for use in sodium-ion batteries as an alternative to lithium ions.