multifuel

Multifuel is a designation used for equipment and systems that can operate on more than one fuel type. This flexibility is achieved through design features such as adjustable fuel supply, compatible combustion chambers, and control systems that manage different calorific values, ignition characteristics, and combustion byproducts. Multifuel devices may be built to accept a range of fuels without major reconfiguration, though some may require minor adjustments or interchangeable components.

Common applications include multifuel stoves and boilers for residential and commercial heating, which can burn wood, coal, peat, and biomass pellets; dual- or multi-fuel engines and generators that can run on natural gas, diesel, or other fuels; and power plants that can switch between fuels, such as gas or oil, to adapt to fuel price and supply.

Operation relies on fuel handling systems, sensors, and control logic to ensure stable flame, safe operation, and acceptable emissions when different fuels are used. Some systems employ separate burners or staged combustion to accommodate different fuels; others use flexible injectors and gas-air mixing strategies.

Advantages include improved fuel security, resilience to fuel price swings, and the ability to utilize locally available resources. Limitations include reduced peak efficiency compared to dedicated single-fuel designs, more complex maintenance, potential emissions variability, and warranty or certification constraints. In practice, manufacturers balance flexibility against performance and cost.