mmunolojide

Immunology is the branch of medicine and biology that studies the immune system. It investigates the physical and chemical components of immunity, both inborn and acquired, in all living organisms. The field covers the structure and function of the immune system, including how it protects its host from pathogens, distinguishes self from non-self, and deals with diseases such as autoimmune disorders, allergies, and cancer. Key areas within immunology include immunogenetics, which examines the genetic basis of immune responses, and immunopathology, which focuses on the role of the immune system in disease. Researchers in immunology also study immunodeficiency disorders, where the immune system is weakened, and immunotherapy, which uses the immune system to fight diseases like cancer. The study of immunology has led to significant advancements in vaccines, antibiotics, and treatments for a wide range of conditions, improving human and animal health globally. Understanding how the immune system functions is crucial for developing new strategies to combat infections and chronic diseases.