mitzva

A mitzvah, plural mitzvot, is a commandment in Judaism. The term is derived from the Hebrew root bet-tsadi-heh, meaning "command" or "law." There are traditionally 613 mitzvot enumerated in the Torah, divided into mitzvot aseh (positive commandments) and mitzvot lo ta'aseh (negative commandments). These commandments cover a wide range of religious, ethical, and social behaviors expected of observant Jews.

While the term mitzvah most commonly refers to the biblical commandments, it is also used more broadly in Jewish culture to describe a good deed or a righteous act, even if not explicitly commanded in the Torah. Performing such a deed is considered praiseworthy and an act that brings one closer to God. Examples of actions considered mitzvot in this broader sense include acts of charity (tzedakah), visiting the sick (bikur cholim), and comforting mourners (nichum avelim). The concept of mitzvot is central to Jewish life and practice, guiding individuals in their relationship with God and their fellow human beings.