mikrosomal

Mikrosomal refers to a type of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) found in eukaryotic cells. The term "mikrosomal" originates from the Greek word "mikros," meaning small, and "soma," meaning body. This specific type of ER is characterized by its small, round vesicles and is involved in various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification.

Mikrosomes are primarily found in the liver, where they play a crucial role in drug metabolism and detoxification. They contain a variety of enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, which are responsible for the oxidation of drugs and other xenobiotics. This process helps to convert potentially harmful substances into less toxic forms that can be excreted from the body.

In addition to their role in drug metabolism, mikrosomes are also involved in the synthesis of lipids and phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes. They also play a role in the synthesis of cholesterol and other sterols.

Mikrosomes can be isolated from cells and used in biochemical research to study the mechanisms of drug metabolism and detoxification. They are also used in the pharmaceutical industry to test the safety and efficacy of new drugs.

In summary, mikrosomal refers to a specific type of endoplasmic reticulum that is involved in various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification. They are primarily found in the liver and play a crucial role in drug metabolism and detoxification.