mikrocirkulationsdysfunktion

mikrocirkulati is a term that refers to microcirculation. This is the functional vascular unit of the microcirculatory system, composed of arterioles, metarterioles, capillaries, and venules. It is the site of exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the tissues. The microcirculation is a complex network of blood vessels that plays a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis.

The arterioles are small arteries that branch from larger arteries. They are surrounded by smooth muscle, which allows them to constrict and dilate, thereby regulating blood flow to the capillaries. Metarterioles are small vessels that connect arterioles to capillaries. They have a discontinuous layer of smooth muscle and are primarily involved in shunting blood away from capillaries when needed.

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels and are the primary sites of exchange. Their walls are only one cell thick, which facilitates the diffusion of gases, nutrients, and waste products. Capillaries form extensive networks within tissues, ensuring that all cells are within a short diffusion distance of a blood supply.

Venules are small veins that collect blood from the capillaries. They gradually merge to form larger veins, which return blood to the heart. The microcirculation is regulated by a variety of factors, including the autonomic nervous system, hormones, and local metabolites. Its proper functioning is essential for overall health, and disruptions to microcirculation can contribute to a wide range of diseases.