merisztémákból

Mérisztémákból is a Hungarian term referring to tissues in plants composed of actively dividing cells. These cells, known as meristematic cells, are undifferentiated and have the ability to divide mitotically, leading to plant growth. Meristematic tissues are crucial for the development and increase in size of various plant organs, including roots, stems, and leaves.

There are two primary types of meristematic tissues: apical meristems and lateral meristems. Apical meristems are located at the tips of roots and shoots, responsible for primary growth, which increases the length of the plant. Lateral meristems, such as the vascular cambium and cork cambium, are found in cylinders along the length of stems and roots, contributing to secondary growth, which increases the girth or diameter of the plant. Intercalary meristems, another type, are found at the bases of leaf blades or nodes in some plants, allowing for rapid elongation of stems or leaves.

The cells within meristematic tissues are typically small, isodiametric, and have a dense cytoplasm and large nucleus. They lack or have very small vacuoles and do not possess intercellular spaces. As these cells divide, some of their daughter cells may differentiate into specialized permanent tissues, while others remain meristematic, ensuring continuous growth. The activity of meristematic tissues is influenced by various internal and external factors, including hormones, light, temperature, and water availability. The concept of meristémákból is fundamental to understanding plant anatomy and physiology.