meristemového

Meristemové refers to tissues in plants responsible for growth. These are regions of actively dividing cells, meaning they are constantly undergoing mitosis to produce new cells. Meristematic tissues are found in specific locations within the plant, driving its increase in size and development.

There are two primary types of meristems: apical meristems and lateral meristems. Apical meristems are located at the tips of roots and shoots. They are responsible for primary growth, which results in the elongation of the plant body and the formation of new organs like leaves and flowers. Root apical meristems allow roots to grow deeper into the soil, while shoot apical meristems enable stems to grow taller and produce new branches.

Lateral meristems, on the other hand, are responsible for secondary growth, which leads to an increase in the girth or diameter of plant organs. The vascular cambium and the cork cambium are the two main types of lateral meristems. The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem (inner bark), contributing to the thickening of stems and roots. The cork cambium produces cork, a protective outer layer that replaces the epidermis in older stems and roots. Meristemové tissues are crucial for a plant's ability to grow, adapt to its environment, and reproduce.