mastigophore

A mastigophore is a specialized cell found in certain protozoa, particularly in the phylum Cnidaria, though the term is also used in some other contexts. In cnidarians, mastigophores are a type of nematocyst, which are stinging organelles housed within specialized cells called cnidocytes. These stinging cells are primarily used for prey capture and defense.

The mastigophore specifically refers to a type of nematocyst that is characterized by its long, whip-like filament. When triggered, this filament rapidly everts, or uncoils, and can inject venom into a target. The exact function and morphology of mastigophores can vary between different cnidarian species, contributing to the diversity of their predatory and defensive strategies. They are crucial for the survival of organisms like jellyfish, corals, and anemones, enabling them to immobilize their food and deter potential threats. In some broader classifications, the term mastigophore may be applied to other cells bearing flagella or whip-like structures used for locomotion or sensing.