lämpöeristysmateriaali

Lämpöeristysmateriaali, also known as thermal insulation material, is a substance or combination of substances used to reduce the rate of heat transfer. Heat can be transferred through conduction, convection, and radiation, and effective insulation materials are designed to minimize one or more of these mechanisms. The primary function of thermal insulation is to maintain a desired temperature within a space, whether it is to keep a building warm in winter or cool in summer, or to preserve the temperature of a product during transport or storage.

Common thermal insulation materials include fibrous materials like fiberglass, mineral wool, and cellulose, which trap air in small pockets, hindering convection and conduction. Foamed plastics, such as polyurethane and expanded polystyrene, create a rigid structure with trapped gas bubbles, offering excellent thermal resistance. Natural materials like cork and sheep's wool are also used, valued for their sustainability and performance. Reflective insulation, often consisting of a thin, metallic layer, works by reflecting radiant heat, and is typically used in conjunction with other insulation types. The effectiveness of an insulation material is measured by its thermal conductivity, often expressed as a U-value or R-value, with lower thermal conductivity indicating better insulating properties. Proper installation is crucial to ensure optimal performance and prevent thermal bridging, where heat can bypass the insulation.