lisandumispolümerisatsioon

Lisandumispolümerisatsioon, also known as addition polymerization, is a type of polymerization reaction where monomers combine to form a polymer chain through the addition of two or more monomers. This process is distinct from step-growth polymerization, where monomers react with each other to form smaller molecules that then combine to form the polymer.

In lisandumispolümerisatsioon, the reaction typically proceeds through the following steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. Initiation involves the formation of a reactive intermediate, such as a free radical, which can add to a monomer. Propagation occurs when the reactive intermediate adds to a monomer, forming a new reactive intermediate that can add to another monomer. This process continues until the reaction is terminated, which can occur through various mechanisms such as combination, disproportionation, or chain transfer.

Lisandumispolümerisatsioon can be further classified into two main types: chain growth and step growth. In chain growth polymerization, the polymer chain grows by the addition of monomers one at a time. In step growth polymerization, the polymer chain grows by the addition of dimers or oligomers.

Examples of lisandumispolümerisatsioon include the polymerization of ethylene to form polyethylene and the polymerization of styrene to form polystyrene. These reactions are widely used in industry to produce plastics and other materials.

Lisandumispolümerisatsioon is an important process in polymer chemistry due to its versatility and the wide range of polymers that can be produced. However, it also has some limitations, such as the difficulty in controlling the molecular weight and the tendency to form branching and cross-linking in the polymer chain.