lhypocalcémie

Hypocalcemia refers to a lower than normal level of calcium in the blood. Calcium is a vital mineral essential for bone health, muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. When calcium levels drop too low, it can lead to a variety of symptoms.

The causes of hypocalcemia are diverse and can include kidney failure, vitamin D deficiency, hypoparathyroidism (a condition where the parathyroid glands do not produce enough parathyroid hormone), certain medications like diuretics, and severe pancreatitis. In some cases, rapid blood transfusions can also dilute calcium levels.

Symptoms of hypocalcemia can range from mild to severe. Mild cases might present with muscle cramps, tingling or numbness in the fingers and toes, and fatigue. More severe hypocalcemia can lead to muscle spasms (tetany), seizures, confusion, and irregular heart rhythms. In infants, it can manifest as irritability and feeding difficulties.

Diagnosis of hypocalcemia is typically made through a blood test measuring serum calcium levels. Further tests may be conducted to identify the underlying cause. Treatment aims to correct the calcium deficiency and address the root cause. This may involve calcium supplements, vitamin D supplements, or medications to manage the underlying condition. Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent complications and alleviate symptoms.