lepinguvälistes

lepinguvälistes refers to a legal concept in Estonian law relating to obligations that arise outside of a formal contract. These are obligations that are not created by a mutual agreement between parties but rather by other legal grounds. The primary source of such obligations is the law of torts, also known as delictual liability. This covers situations where one party causes harm to another, creating a duty to compensate for the damage. For instance, if someone negligently causes a traffic accident, they are liable for the damages incurred by the other party, even without a prior contractual relationship.

Another category of lepinguvälistes obligations includes unjust enrichment. This occurs when one person obtains a benefit at the expense of another without a legal justification. The law requires the recipient of the unjust enrichment to return the benefit or its value to the rightful owner. Examples include mistaken payments or receiving goods or services that were not intended to be a gift.

Furthermore, certain obligations can arise from unilateral declarations of intent, such as a promise to the public or a public competition. While not a contract in the traditional sense, these can create legally binding duties for the promisor. The concept of lepinguvälistes is crucial for ensuring fairness and order in situations where contractual agreements are absent but legal responsibility still needs to be established. It provides a framework for addressing grievances and resolving disputes that do not stem from a breach of contract.